Research Repository
This collection brings together work based on the Millennium Institute's models: the iSD model and its predecessor, Threshold 21 (T21). It includes reports and papers by the Millennium Institute and its partners, as well as research by universities, institutions and independent researchers who have applied these models in their own work.
The collection spans three decades of work, from the first T21 applications in the 1990s to current analyses of the Sustainable Development Goals, climate policy and green transitions in more than 40 countries. Use the filters to browse by type, country or region, focus area and year.
Report
The Green Hydrogen Economy: Challenges and Opportunities for National Development
The global energy demand drives decarbonization efforts post-2015 Paris Agreement. Green hydrogen (GH2) emerges as a solution, notably in hard-to-reduce emissions sectors. Brazil, South Africa, and Namibia invest in GH2 for sustainable energy. Simulation-based assessments show significant SDG benefits, highlighting education, infrastructure, and policy integration for optimal outcomes.
2023
Brazil, Namibia, South Africa
Energy, Economy, Climate Change
Thesis
Integrated Systems Analysis: Belgium’s SDG Performance under Business As Usual Scenario
Adapting the iSDG model to Belgium, this thesis shows that under business as usual, economic growth continues but drives higher emissions, material use and waste, while income inequality widens.
2023
Belgium
Sustainable Development, Economy, Environmental Policy, Poverty & Inequality
Thesis
Energy and carbon taxation in the light of the Sustainable Development Goals: what synergies and trade-offs are to be expected in the case of Austria?
Applying the iSDG model for Austria, this thesis finds that a €250/tCO2 carbon tax has strong short-term effects, but model delays bring long-term outcomes close to the baseline by 2040.
2023
Austria
Climate Change, Policy Analysis, Energy
Journal Article
Anticipating Human Resilience and Vulnerability on the Path to 2030: What Can We Learn from COVID-19?
This paper argues for the importance of systemic knowledge in policy-making for resilience against global challenges like COVID-19 and climate change, emphasizing systems thinking and dynamic modeling in decision making.
2022
Global
Health, Climate Change
Report
Integrated Assessment of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Transformation Pathways Towards a Resource-Efficient and Greenhouse-Gas-Neutral Germany
The project evaluates how a combined approach to climate and resource protection in Germany impacts Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) using the iSDG-model. It identifies necessary changes to enhance SDG achievement, aligning with the "RESCUE GreenSupreme" scenario for comprehensive insights.
2022
Germany
Policy Analysis, Sustainable Development, Climate Change